Saturday, June 22, 2019

Total Productive Maintenance (TPM) | 8 Pillars of TPM | QSQTECH.COM

Hello guys, 
Today, We'll discuss on Total Productive Maintenance (TPM). 
Lets start discussion on this topic. Hopefully, you'll understand this topic. 
First of all, thanks for visiting. 

Total productive maintenance (TPM)

Below topics that are covering: 
  • INTRODUCTION 
  • HISTORY OF TPM 
  • GOAL OF TPM 
  • TARGET OF TPM
  • 8 PILLARS OF TPM

INTRODUCTION: 

Total Productive Maintenance (TPM) is a systematic approach to maintaining the equipments and plant that ensure maximum productivity by involving all employees in the maintenance process as well as improve the quality of products. 
It helps to improve machine not to go in breakdown, continue in working. 

The word "TPM" is stands for Total Productive Maintenance is means -  

Total (T) - It means all employees from associates to top management have to take part in & all department, equipment & machines to be covered in it. 

Productivity (P) - To increase the production by reducing the losses, wastage, cost through improvement. 

Maintenance (M) - Maintaining the equipment so that efficiency can be high to whole of its life cycle. 

Why TPM is required ? 

It is required to produce the product in less time, less cost, without any loss & without effecting the quality of products. 


HISTORY OF TPM :

In the early days of industrialization, factories were often overloaded and lacked the resources to keep up with demand for their products. In the 1951's engineers began to develop a system called Total Productive Maintenance. It was developed in Japan in 1951 but then it was not established in organizations. 
Nippondenso was the first company to implement it as preventive maintenance in 1960. Before this, it was the working method in organization that - 
Operators only used the machine & maintenance person was responsible for maintaining it. Due to that, maintenance person can't do the work of preventive maintenance. 

Concept before - 
I use & you fix

Concept now - 
I use, I mentain & I fix

Due to this new concept, operator who use the machine/equipment is responsible for maintaining it, and maintenance person is free to do the improvement work & which are more critical. 

GOAL OF TPM :

The aim of TPM is to increase the production as well as improve the moral and job satisfaction of employees. 
TPM follow the way -  
  • Zero defect 
  • Zero accident 
  • Zero failure 
  • Zero loss
Target of TPM (TPM Badge)


TARGET OF TPM :

Following points are on which we will measure the target of TPM.
  1. Safety : It means zero accident.
  2. Quality : It means zero defect. Product to be produced as defect free. 
  3. Cost : Production of products at lowest cost. 
  4. Production : To achieve the efficiency of production about 80% & OEE about 95%.
  5. Losses : To make the zero losses at work place. 
  6. Delivery : 100% delivery of products at the customer demand without any failure. 

8 PILLARS OF TPM: 

It has 8 points for implementing it at working place. 
These 8 points are called 8 pillars of TPM having the base of 5's.
Without implementing 5's TPM can not be done. 

TPM Pillar image

  1. Jisu hozen (Autonomous maintenance) 
  2. Kobetsu kaizen (Focused improvement) 
  3. Planned maintenance 
  4. Quality maintenance 
  5. Education & Training 
  6. Safety, Health & Environment 
  7. Early management 
  8. Office TPM 

Thursday, June 20, 2019

KAIZEN | AREA WHERE WE CAN DO IMPLEMENT KAIZEN | QSQTECH.COM

KAIZEN

Hello friends, Today, we shall discussion on concept of Kaizen. Belo points that are covering in this topic:- 
  • INTRODUCTION
  • AREA WHERE WE CAN DO IMPLEMENT KAIZEN 

INTRODUCTION:- 

Kaizen is a Japanese word for "improvement". 
  • KAI means "Change"      or 
  • ZEN means "Good". 
Kaizen is small incremental changes made for improve productivity and minimising wastage. 
Kaizen refers to activities that continuously improve all functions. 
Masaaki Imai is known as the developer of kaizen. 

AREA WHERE WE CAN DO IMPLEMENT KAIZEN

  • Kaizen  reduces wastes like time waste,  Inventory waste, worker motion. 
  • Kaizen  improve space utilization and product quality. 
  • Productivity improvement 
  • Improvement in product/process quality 
  • Improvement in system 
  • Reduce in fatigue 
  • Improvement in safety 
  • Reduction in accident/incident 
  • Reduction in movement 
  • Reduction in waste 
  • Reduction in duplication of work 
  • Reduction in unwanted activities 
  • Energy saving 
  • Easiness of work 
  • Reduction in paper work 
  • Reduction in waiting 
  • Reduction in searching time 
  • Improvement in material Traceability 
  • Improvement in 5's 

Some of related question that help to improve your basic knowledge. 


    Tuesday, June 18, 2019

    7 QC Tools | QSQTECH.COM

    7 QC TOOLS

    Hello friends, 
    Today, we are going to understand about 7QC tools which is used for problem solving. 
    In today's time, due to the increasing competition in every field of business, the attention to quality is clearly visible. 90 percent of problem solving in industries is resolved from 7 basic problem solving tools and it is also known as 7 QC tools. 7 QC tools or problem solving tools are the quantitative tools which are used to solve the problem at any work related place. Without help of 7 quality control tools, Quality Circle project can't be completed.

    There are 7 basic problem solving tools are as below:-
    1. Check sheet 
    2. Histogram 
    3. Scatter diagram 
    4. Pareto diagram 
    5. Cause and effect diagram 
    6. Graph & Control chart 
    7. Flow chart 

    1. Check sheet:-  

    It is a format used to collect data in real time at the location where the data is generated. 
    Check sheet plays an important role in 7 Quality Control Tools. It provides backup to other tools working in problem-solving. 

    Purpose : 

    1. Check sheet is a very important tool for collecting and organizing measured or counted data. 
    2. Collected data can be used as input data / backup for other quality control tools. 

    Check sheet image

    Benefits:- 

    1. Data collection is making in systematic and organized in right way. 
    2. To finding put the main source of problem. 

    2. Histogram :- 

    Histogram is a frequency distribution in the form of a graphical representation that shows the frequency distribution in order to organize the maximum number of data values taken. 
    Histogram is very important tool and used for understand the distribution of collected data. After that, it is easy to take further action. Its shape is similar to a bar chart but in fact it is different from a bar chart. 


    Histogram image

    Difference between histogram and bar chart:-

    There are two main difference between histogram and bar chart:-
    1. There are no gaps between the bars in a histogram.
    2. The area of each bar is proportional to the frequency that it represents, hence total area is proportional to total frequency.

    When to use Histogram:- 

    • To make the distribution of the collected data easily and quickly accessible to others. 
    • When we study on numerical data.
    • To understand the shape of distribution, especially when determining whether the output data of process is distributed approximately normally.
    • To seeing the distribution variation between two time periods, or when a process change has occurred from one time to another.
    • To determining whether the outputs of two or more processes are different.
    • To analysing whether a process can meet the customer's requirements.
    • To study or analysing what the output from a supplier's process look like.

    3. Pareto diagram :- 

    Pareto diagram is a prioritisation tool which helps to prioritise after analysing the problem. Vilfredo Pareto was the father of this tool, so Pareto diagram is named after his name. It works on principle of the "80-20" rule. 
    "80-20" rule means that 20% of the people control 80% of the wealth. Likewise,  in the manufacturing sector, 20% of the product line may be generate 80% of the problem or waste or from 20% of the customers, we get 80% of complaints and so on.

    Pareto diagram image

    When to use Pareto :-

    • Prioritising problem
    • Analysing symptoms 
    • Proving effectiveness of remedy 

    4. Scatter diagram  :- 

    To identify the correlation between two variables. 
    It shows the graphical representation of relationship. 

    Scatter diagram image


    5. Cause and effect diagram  :- 

    It is also known as Ishikawa diagram. 
    Fishbone diagram is a tool to identify potential cause, root cause to identified after validation. 

    Fishbone diagram image

    Purpose :- 

    Graphical representation of potential causes of a problem. 

    Benefits :- 

    • It helps to identify the potential cause. 
    • It heps to Establish the brainstorming relationship. 
    • It helps to understand the causing factor of the problem. 

    6. Flow chart  :- 

    Visual illustration of the sequence of operations required to complete a task. 

    यह हमे किसी process के sequence को समझने मे help करता हैं।  यह एक schematic drawing होती है जिसमे हम Process को step by step समझते कि process हमारा कैसे Flow करेगा। 

    Flow diagram image

    Flow diagram image

    Benefits :-

    • यह हमे process improvement की opportunity को identify करने में मदद करता है। 
    • Process को समझने मे help करता है और अगर process मे कोई non value added activity है तो हम उसको भी identify करके improve कर सकते हैं। 

    7. Control chart  :- 

    A control chart is a line graph used to display variation on time order interval. 

    (Control chart एक line graph होता है जिसका Use हम एक interval of time मे process के variation को देखने मे करते हैं।) 

    Control chart image

    A centre line and control limits are placed on graph to help analyzing the pattern of data. 

    Purpose :-

    • Control chart indicates whether a process is in control or not. 
    • It ensures product quality level 
    • To identify the dynamic or special causes of variation in a repeating process

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